Adjustment 

Barrier it addresses 

What the teacher does 

What to avoid 

Live captioning or a note-taker 

Real-time speech is easy to lose track of, especially with multiple speakers 

Arrange consistent captioning or note-taking support for lectures and seminars 

Provide it only when a problem is raised 

Assistive listening system (hearing loop / FM system) 

Standard room acoustics and background noise reduce audibility 

Confirm the system is working before the session and use the microphone consistently 

Assume the room is automatically suitable without checking 

Preferential seating with clear sightline 

Lipreading and visual cues require an unobstructed view of the speaker 

Reserve a seat with a direct line of sight to the speaker and any interpreter 

Rearrange the room without considering sightlines 

Interpreter / communication support worker 

Some students rely primarily on sign language rather than spoken English 

Coordinate timetables so support is booked and confirmed in advance 

Treat interpreter booking as the student's sole responsibility 

Written back-up of verbal information 

Announcements, deadlines, and instructions given only aloud are easily missed 

Repeat all key verbal information in writing (slide, handout, or message) 

Rely on a single verbal announcement for anything important 

Mainstream technology familiarity 

Specialist equipment is not always available, but built-in mainstream accessibility features often are 

Learn and use commonly available captioning/transcription features as a fallback 

Assume specialist equipment is the only route to access 

Regular check-ins 

Missed information is not always obvious to the student in the moment 

Offer brief, proactive one-to-one check-ins rather than waiting for a problem to be raised 

Wait for the student to identify and report every gap themselves 

Communication access is an accessibility issue to be designed for, not something the student is expected to compensate for individually.

Last modified: Friday, 31 July 2026, 1:22 AM